CLICK HERE TO DOWNLOAD PPT ON Oracle Database
Oracle Database Presentation Transcript
1.Oracles Database
2. What is a database?
A database is the implementation of freeware or commercial software that provides a means to organize and retrieve data.
The database is the set of physical files in which all the objects and database metadata are stored.
This will focus on the organize aspect of data storage and retrieval.
Commercial vendors include MicroSoft and Oracle.
A database is the implementation of freeware or commercial software that provides a means to organize and retrieve data.
The database is the set of physical files in which all the objects and database metadata are stored.
This will focus on the organize aspect of data storage and retrieval.
Commercial vendors include MicroSoft and Oracle.
3.Oracle’s Database Management
4.ORACLE 10g
5. Features of 10g
Grid computing - an extension of the clustering feature (Real Application Clusters).
In Oracle 9i after drop we can't rollback but we can do it in 10g.
Moreover, 10g has additional 149 features than 9i.
Improved Flashback Technology.
Enterprise manager
Ability to rename tablespaces.
Grid computing - an extension of the clustering feature (Real Application Clusters).
In Oracle 9i after drop we can't rollback but we can do it in 10g.
Moreover, 10g has additional 149 features than 9i.
Improved Flashback Technology.
Enterprise manager
Ability to rename tablespaces.
6.Physical Structures
Datafiles (*.dbf)
The datafiles contain all the database data. The data of logical database structures, such as tables and indexes, is physically stored in the datafiles allocated for a database.
Control Files (*.ctl)
Every Oracle database has a control file. A control file contains entries that specify the physical structure of the database such as Database name and the Names and locations of datafiles and redo log files.
Redo Log Files (*.log)
The primary function of the redo log is to record all changes made to data. If a failure prevents modified data from being permanently written to the datafiles, then the changes can be obtained from the redo log, so work is never lost.
Datafiles (*.dbf)
The datafiles contain all the database data. The data of logical database structures, such as tables and indexes, is physically stored in the datafiles allocated for a database.
Control Files (*.ctl)
Every Oracle database has a control file. A control file contains entries that specify the physical structure of the database such as Database name and the Names and locations of datafiles and redo log files.
Redo Log Files (*.log)
The primary function of the redo log is to record all changes made to data. If a failure prevents modified data from being permanently written to the datafiles, then the changes can be obtained from the redo log, so work is never lost.
7.Logical Structure of Database
8.Tablespaces
A database is divided into logical storage units called tablespaces, which group related logical structures together. One or more datafiles are explicitly created for each tablespace to physically store the data of all logical structures in a tablespace.
Oracle Data Blocks
At the finest level of granularity, Oracle database data is stored in data blocks. One data block corresponds to a specific number of bytes of physical database space on disk.
A database is divided into logical storage units called tablespaces, which group related logical structures together. One or more datafiles are explicitly created for each tablespace to physically store the data of all logical structures in a tablespace.
Oracle Data Blocks
At the finest level of granularity, Oracle database data is stored in data blocks. One data block corresponds to a specific number of bytes of physical database space on disk.
9.Extents
The next level of logical database space is an extent. An extent is a specific number of contiguous data blocks, obtained in a single allocation, used to store a specific type of information.
Segments
Above extents, the level of logical database storage is a segment. A segment is a set of extents allocated for a certain logical structure. The different types of segments are :
Data segment – stores table data
Index segment – stores index data
Temporary segment – temporary space used during SQL execution
Rollback Segment – stores undo information.
The next level of logical database space is an extent. An extent is a specific number of contiguous data blocks, obtained in a single allocation, used to store a specific type of information.
Segments
Above extents, the level of logical database storage is a segment. A segment is a set of extents allocated for a certain logical structure. The different types of segments are :
Data segment – stores table data
Index segment – stores index data
Temporary segment – temporary space used during SQL execution
Rollback Segment – stores undo information.
10.System Global Area (SGA)
The System Global Area (SGA) is a shared memory region that contains data and control information for any Oracle database. Users currently connected to an Oracle database share the data in the SGA.
The SGA contains the following memory structures :
Database Buffer Cache.
Redo log buffer of SGA.
Shared pool of SGA.
11.Program Global Area (PGA)
PGA is a memory buffer that contains data and control information for a server process.
A PGA is created by oracle when a server process is started.
The PGA area is a non-shared area of memory created by oracle when a server process is started.
The basic difference between SGA and PGA is that PGA cannot be shared between multiple processes in the sense that it is used only for requirements of a particular process whereas the SGA is used for the whole instance and it is shared.
The System Global Area (SGA) is a shared memory region that contains data and control information for any Oracle database. Users currently connected to an Oracle database share the data in the SGA.
The SGA contains the following memory structures :
Database Buffer Cache.
Redo log buffer of SGA.
Shared pool of SGA.
11.Program Global Area (PGA)
PGA is a memory buffer that contains data and control information for a server process.
A PGA is created by oracle when a server process is started.
The PGA area is a non-shared area of memory created by oracle when a server process is started.
The basic difference between SGA and PGA is that PGA cannot be shared between multiple processes in the sense that it is used only for requirements of a particular process whereas the SGA is used for the whole instance and it is shared.
12.Oracle Memory Structures
13.SQL PLUS
SQl PLUS allows you to retrieve & store data from the database.
SQl defines the method used to create and manipulate relational databases on all major platform.
Database consists of tables which can be manipulated by SQL.
SQl PLUS allows you to retrieve & store data from the database.
SQl defines the method used to create and manipulate relational databases on all major platform.
Database consists of tables which can be manipulated by SQL.
14.SQL STATEMENTS
Data Manipulation Language or DML
SQL statements that insert, update or delete database in a database.
Select, Insert, Update ,Delete ,Merge
Data Definition Language or DDL
SQL used to create and modify database objects used in an application schema.
Create, Alter, Drop, Rename, Truncate
Data Control Language or DCL
DCL statements used to grant & revoke privileges to the user by the
DBA.
Grant ,Revoke
15.Database Transactions
• Begin when the first DML SQL statement is executed.
• End with one of the following events:
A COMMIT or ROLLBACK or SAVEPOINT statement is used
A DDL or DCL statement executes (automatic commit)
Data Manipulation Language or DML
SQL statements that insert, update or delete database in a database.
Select, Insert, Update ,Delete ,Merge
Data Definition Language or DDL
SQL used to create and modify database objects used in an application schema.
Create, Alter, Drop, Rename, Truncate
Data Control Language or DCL
DCL statements used to grant & revoke privileges to the user by the
DBA.
Grant ,Revoke
15.Database Transactions
• Begin when the first DML SQL statement is executed.
• End with one of the following events:
A COMMIT or ROLLBACK or SAVEPOINT statement is used
A DDL or DCL statement executes (automatic commit)
16.SQL *PLUS STATEMENT v/s iSQL *PLUS COMMANDS
A language
ANSI standard
Keyword cannot be abbreviated
Statements manipulate data and table definitions in the database
17.Login page of enterprise manager
A language
ANSI standard
Keyword cannot be abbreviated
Statements manipulate data and table definitions in the database
17.Login page of enterprise manager
18.Enterprise Manager
19.Administration Page of Enterprise Manager
20.Conclusion
An Oracle database is a collection of data treated as a unit. The purpose of a database is to store and retrieve related information
Oracle Database 10g provide grid computing to reduces the time, cost, and complexity of database management.
With Oracle server we can store and manage database by using SQL.
SQL commands include
Data description language (DDL) commands
Data manipulation language (DML) commands
An Oracle database is a collection of data treated as a unit. The purpose of a database is to store and retrieve related information
Oracle Database 10g provide grid computing to reduces the time, cost, and complexity of database management.
With Oracle server we can store and manage database by using SQL.
SQL commands include
Data description language (DDL) commands
Data manipulation language (DML) commands
21.References
Oracle Designer tutorial http://www-css.fnal.gov/dsg/internal/ora_adm/index.htm#designer (choose Oracle Designer tutorial or Oracle Designer Short Cuts and Lessons Learned)
Btev specific additional information http://www-css.fnal.gov/dsg/external/BTeV/index.html
Oracle Designer tutorial http://www-css.fnal.gov/dsg/internal/ora_adm/index.htm#designer (choose Oracle Designer tutorial or Oracle Designer Short Cuts and Lessons Learned)
Btev specific additional information http://www-css.fnal.gov/dsg/external/BTeV/index.html
Posts
0 comments