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Emergency Supply System Presentation Transcript
1.Emergency Supply System
2.
Definition
AC supply
Voltage variation ± 10%
Frequency variation ± 5%
Combined voltage & frequency variation-10%
DC Supply
Voltage variation +10% -15%
Definition
AC supply
Voltage variation ± 10%
Frequency variation ± 5%
Combined voltage & frequency variation-10%
DC Supply
Voltage variation +10% -15%
3. DC System complete
Batteries, Chargers, Battery racks, Battery MCBs,
Distribution Board for Unit, Station, Coal handling, switchyard area. 2X100%
capacity 220 V battery of suitable capacity with 2X100% float and boost chargers and DC distribution board shall be provided for catering to station DC loads, 2X 100% capacity 220 V battery of suitable capacity with 2X100% float and boost chargers.
DC distribution board for unit DC loads and 2 x 100 % dedicated batteries with dedicated 2 x 100% chargers with DC switchboards shall be provided separately for 400kV switchyard, Ash handling systems and Coal Handling systems individually.
Batteries, Chargers, Battery racks, Battery MCBs,
Distribution Board for Unit, Station, Coal handling, switchyard area. 2X100%
capacity 220 V battery of suitable capacity with 2X100% float and boost chargers and DC distribution board shall be provided for catering to station DC loads, 2X 100% capacity 220 V battery of suitable capacity with 2X100% float and boost chargers.
DC distribution board for unit DC loads and 2 x 100 % dedicated batteries with dedicated 2 x 100% chargers with DC switchboards shall be provided separately for 400kV switchyard, Ash handling systems and Coal Handling systems individually.
4.DC UPS with Battery Bank
5.Uninterruptible Power Supply System (UPS)
6. The UPS system shall be of UPS
DESCRIPTION :Basic components of ups are :
1) Rectifier
2) Inverter
3) Battery bank
4) Battery breaker
parallel redundant type with bypass & maintenance bypass. It will have
duplicate inverter system with standby supply to cater the switchyard loads and SCADA system.
DESCRIPTION :Basic components of ups are :
1) Rectifier
2) Inverter
3) Battery bank
4) Battery breaker
parallel redundant type with bypass & maintenance bypass. It will have
duplicate inverter system with standby supply to cater the switchyard loads and SCADA system.
7.AC UPS BY Redundant Supply
8.BATTERIES
DESCRIPTION : In power plant batteries used are lead acid battery. Lead acid battery is basically in which the principal materials used are lead, lead alloys and lead oxides for the electrodes and dilute sulphuric acid for the electrolyte.
Basic component of lead acid battery is :
ACTIVE MATERIAL : The material of a plate in which chemical changes are brought about by the passage of direct current.
PLATE : The assembly of active material.
GRID : The frame work supporting the active material.
VENT PLUG : A removable stopper fitting in a hole in the cell cover and provided with vents for evacuating gases.
SEPARATOR : A spacer employed to prevent metallic contact between plates of opposite polarity within the cell..
DESCRIPTION : In power plant batteries used are lead acid battery. Lead acid battery is basically in which the principal materials used are lead, lead alloys and lead oxides for the electrodes and dilute sulphuric acid for the electrolyte.
Basic component of lead acid battery is :
ACTIVE MATERIAL : The material of a plate in which chemical changes are brought about by the passage of direct current.
PLATE : The assembly of active material.
GRID : The frame work supporting the active material.
VENT PLUG : A removable stopper fitting in a hole in the cell cover and provided with vents for evacuating gases.
SEPARATOR : A spacer employed to prevent metallic contact between plates of opposite polarity within the cell..
9.The battery is under float working conditions when the battery charger voltage is adjusted so that it just equals the fully charged battery voltage. The charger supplies the normal steady, but small load connected to the system with the battery floating across the charger output. If there is a heavy demand or a charger failure, the battery takes over the load and the battery is under working conditions.
10. HT/LT Supply System
11. TGMCC
12. From Unit SWGR ‘A’ Normally
13. THE FAMILY OF BATTERIES
14. REQUIREMENT OF BATTERIES
15. PARTS OF BATTERIES.
LEVEL INDICATOR.
VENT PLUG.
TERMINALS.
COVER.
SEPARATOR GUARD.
POSITIVE PLATE.
NEGATIVE PLATE.
CONTAINER.
PLATE REST.
16.AUTOMOTIVE BATTERY
HIGH CURRENT DISCHARGE.
SHORT BACKUP TIME.
NON CYCLIC APPLICATION.
17.ADVANTAGE OF LEAD ACID BATTERIES
IT IS MOST ECONOMICAL.
BASIC RAW MATERIAL, LEAD IS CHEAP AND EASY TO PROCESS.
IT GIVES HIGH VOLTAGE PER CELL(2 V) COMPARED TO OTHER .
52 CELL OF LEAD ACID IS EQUIVELANT TO 93 CELL OF NOCKEL CADMIUM.
IT CAN SUPPLY POWER OVER A WIDE RANGE OF TEMPERATURE, 40 0C TO 55 0C.
CHARGE DISCHARGE CYCLING IS VERY GOOD.
IT CAN GIVE 1600 DEEP DISCHARGE CYCLE.
OVER 90 % OF THE TOTAL METAL CONTENT OF LEAD BATTERY CAN BE RECOVERED AT THE END OF IT’S USEFUL LIFE.
LEVEL INDICATOR.
VENT PLUG.
TERMINALS.
COVER.
SEPARATOR GUARD.
POSITIVE PLATE.
NEGATIVE PLATE.
CONTAINER.
PLATE REST.
16.AUTOMOTIVE BATTERY
HIGH CURRENT DISCHARGE.
SHORT BACKUP TIME.
NON CYCLIC APPLICATION.
17.ADVANTAGE OF LEAD ACID BATTERIES
IT IS MOST ECONOMICAL.
BASIC RAW MATERIAL, LEAD IS CHEAP AND EASY TO PROCESS.
IT GIVES HIGH VOLTAGE PER CELL(2 V) COMPARED TO OTHER .
52 CELL OF LEAD ACID IS EQUIVELANT TO 93 CELL OF NOCKEL CADMIUM.
IT CAN SUPPLY POWER OVER A WIDE RANGE OF TEMPERATURE, 40 0C TO 55 0C.
CHARGE DISCHARGE CYCLING IS VERY GOOD.
IT CAN GIVE 1600 DEEP DISCHARGE CYCLE.
OVER 90 % OF THE TOTAL METAL CONTENT OF LEAD BATTERY CAN BE RECOVERED AT THE END OF IT’S USEFUL LIFE.
18. CHEMISTRY OF LEAD ACID BATTERY
19. ELECTRON MOVMENT
20. SPECIFICATION
21. ADVANTAGE OF PLANTE
HIGH DISCHARGE VOLTAGE PROFILE.
QUICK RECHARGE.
LOW – LOW MAINTENANCE.
EASY MONITORING.
EXTENDED LIFE.
HIGH SALVAGE VALUE.
HIGH DISCHARGE VOLTAGE PROFILE.
QUICK RECHARGE.
LOW – LOW MAINTENANCE.
EASY MONITORING.
EXTENDED LIFE.
HIGH SALVAGE VALUE.
22. VOLTAGE PROFILE
PERCENTAGE DISCHARGE PROFILE IS HIGHER THAN TIBULAR BATTERY FOR THE SAME END VOLTAGE.
PERCENTAGE DISCHARGE PROFILE IS HIGHER THAN TIBULAR BATTERY FOR THE SAME END VOLTAGE.
23. LIFE OF BATTERY
LONG AND RELIABLE SERVICE LIFE, IN EXCESS OF 20 YEARS UNDER FLOAT AND TRICKLE CHARGE OPERATION.
TUBULAR LIFE EXPECTANCY : 10 YEARS.
VRLA – LIFE OF 10 YEARS.
LONG AND RELIABLE SERVICE LIFE, IN EXCESS OF 20 YEARS UNDER FLOAT AND TRICKLE CHARGE OPERATION.
TUBULAR LIFE EXPECTANCY : 10 YEARS.
VRLA – LIFE OF 10 YEARS.
24. MAINTENANCE
VERY LOW MAINTENANCE / TOPPING UP FREQUENCY
WITH CERAMIC VENT PLUGS, YHP REQUIRE POPPING UP ONCE IN 18 MONTHS.
TUBULAR NEED TOPPING UP ONCE IN 2 MONTHS.
DUE TO TRANSPARENT CONTAINERS, EASY INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE IN OTHER BATTERIES HAVE OPAQUE CONTAINERS-PREVANT VISUAL MONITORING, AND CAN LEAD TO SUDDEN FAILURE.
VERY LOW MAINTENANCE / TOPPING UP FREQUENCY
WITH CERAMIC VENT PLUGS, YHP REQUIRE POPPING UP ONCE IN 18 MONTHS.
TUBULAR NEED TOPPING UP ONCE IN 2 MONTHS.
DUE TO TRANSPARENT CONTAINERS, EASY INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE IN OTHER BATTERIES HAVE OPAQUE CONTAINERS-PREVANT VISUAL MONITORING, AND CAN LEAD TO SUDDEN FAILURE.
25.PLANTE RANGE
26. SELECTION CRITERIA.
LOAD.
BACKUP TIME.
LOAD CYCLE.
MINIMUM VOLTAGE REQUIRE OF THE SYSTEM.
MAX. AND MIN. TEMP. EXPECTED AT SITE.
LOAD.
BACKUP TIME.
LOAD CYCLE.
MINIMUM VOLTAGE REQUIRE OF THE SYSTEM.
MAX. AND MIN. TEMP. EXPECTED AT SITE.
27. VARIOUS PERAMETER.
SPECIFIC GRAVITY.
SPECIFIC GRAVITY.
28.BATTERY CAPACITY
SIZE AND NUMBER OF PLATES OR THE SURFACE AREA.
QUANTITY OF ACID IN THE BATTERY.
RATE OF DISCHARGE.
HIGHER THE RATE OF DISCHARGE LESS IS THE CAPACITY. THIS IS DUE TO INABILITY OF ACID TO RAPIDLY REACT WITH PLATE.
SIZE AND NUMBER OF PLATES OR THE SURFACE AREA.
QUANTITY OF ACID IN THE BATTERY.
RATE OF DISCHARGE.
HIGHER THE RATE OF DISCHARGE LESS IS THE CAPACITY. THIS IS DUE TO INABILITY OF ACID TO RAPIDLY REACT WITH PLATE.
29.EFFECT OF OVERCHARGING
IT RESULTS IN LOSS OF WATER.
IT RESULTS IN SHEDDING OF ACTIVE MATERIALS AS A RESULT OF EXCESSIVE GASSING.
IT CAUSES HIGH INTERNAL HEAT IT HAS A ADVERSE EFFECT ON LIFE OF COMPONENTS.
THE PLATE CAN BUCKLE.
IT CAN PUSH UP THE CELL COVER AT THE POSITIVE PLATE ENDS AND IN EXTREME CASES THE BATTERY CONTAINER WILL BECOME DISTORTED OR CRACKED.
IT RESULTS IN LOSS OF WATER.
IT RESULTS IN SHEDDING OF ACTIVE MATERIALS AS A RESULT OF EXCESSIVE GASSING.
IT CAUSES HIGH INTERNAL HEAT IT HAS A ADVERSE EFFECT ON LIFE OF COMPONENTS.
THE PLATE CAN BUCKLE.
IT CAN PUSH UP THE CELL COVER AT THE POSITIVE PLATE ENDS AND IN EXTREME CASES THE BATTERY CONTAINER WILL BECOME DISTORTED OR CRACKED.
30.EFFECT OF UNDERCHARGING.
INSUFFICIENT CHARGE FOR LONG TIME RESULTS INTO HARD SULPHATES OVER PLATE SURFACE WHICH CAN’T BE CONVERTED IN ACTIVE MATERIALS. THIS ISKNOWN AS SULPHATION.
IT CAN FAIL THE BATTERY.
INSUFFICIENT CHARGE FOR LONG TIME RESULTS INTO HARD SULPHATES OVER PLATE SURFACE WHICH CAN’T BE CONVERTED IN ACTIVE MATERIALS. THIS ISKNOWN AS SULPHATION.
IT CAN FAIL THE BATTERY.
31.Emergency DG
A diesel generator is the combination of a diesel Engines with an electrical generator (often called an alternator to generate electrical energy. Diesel generating sets are used in places without connection to the grid, as emergency power-supply if the grid fails, as well as for more complex applications such as peak loading, Grid Support.
One or more diesel generators operating without a connection to an electrical grid are referred to as operating in Island Mode. In island mode, several parallel generators provide the advantages of redundancy and better efficiency at partial loads. The plant brings generator sets online and takes them off line depending on the demands of the system at a given time
A diesel generator is the combination of a diesel Engines with an electrical generator (often called an alternator to generate electrical energy. Diesel generating sets are used in places without connection to the grid, as emergency power-supply if the grid fails, as well as for more complex applications such as peak loading, Grid Support.
One or more diesel generators operating without a connection to an electrical grid are referred to as operating in Island Mode. In island mode, several parallel generators provide the advantages of redundancy and better efficiency at partial loads. The plant brings generator sets online and takes them off line depending on the demands of the system at a given time
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