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ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT Presentation Transcript
1.ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT
2.WHAT IS ENVIRONMENT
The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 states that "environment includes water, air and land and the inter-relationship which exists among and between water, air and land, and human beings, other living creatures, plants, micro-organisms and property"
The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 states that "environment includes water, air and land and the inter-relationship which exists among and between water, air and land, and human beings, other living creatures, plants, micro-organisms and property"
3.WHAT IS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
4.WHAT IS EIA
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a process of identifying, predicting, evaluating and mitigating the biophysical, social, and other relevant effects of development proposals prior to major decisions being taken and commitments made.
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a process of identifying, predicting, evaluating and mitigating the biophysical, social, and other relevant effects of development proposals prior to major decisions being taken and commitments made.
5.NEED FOR EIA
The objectives of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is to ensure that development is sustained with minimal environmental degradation.
EIA refers to the evaluation of the effects of a major projects on a man-made natural environment.
It is the basic tool for the sound assessment of development proposal.
It is a valuable mechanism that aids in promoting sustainable development
The objectives of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is to ensure that development is sustained with minimal environmental degradation.
EIA refers to the evaluation of the effects of a major projects on a man-made natural environment.
It is the basic tool for the sound assessment of development proposal.
It is a valuable mechanism that aids in promoting sustainable development
6.EIA PROCESS IN INDIA
Made mandatory through a Notification issued by the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) in January 1994.
Notification issued on September 14, 2006 supersedes all the earlier Notifications, and has brought out structural changes in the clearance mechanism.
Made mandatory through a Notification issued by the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) in January 1994.
Notification issued on September 14, 2006 supersedes all the earlier Notifications, and has brought out structural changes in the clearance mechanism.
7.EIA REGIME
The EIA regime is to be assessed under the following three parameters as under:
Physical
Ecological
Socio-economic
The EIA regime is to be assessed under the following three parameters as under:
Physical
Ecological
Socio-economic
8.PURPOSE OF EIA
The EIA serves one or more of the following purposes:
Decision making
Choosing among various alternatives
Integrating environmental cost into project cost.
The EIA serves one or more of the following purposes:
Decision making
Choosing among various alternatives
Integrating environmental cost into project cost.
9.STEPS IN EIA
Identification
Prediction
Evaluation
Mitigation
Communication
Identification
Prediction
Evaluation
Mitigation
Communication
10.EIA PROCESS
Screening
Scoping
Rapid and Comprehensive EIA
Mitigative Measures
Environmental Management Plan (EMP)
Environmental Impact Statement (EIS)
Post-Clearance Monitoring (PCM)
Screening
Scoping
Rapid and Comprehensive EIA
Mitigative Measures
Environmental Management Plan (EMP)
Environmental Impact Statement (EIS)
Post-Clearance Monitoring (PCM)
11.RESOURCES NEEDED FOR EIA
Qualified multi-disciplinary team
Reliable data about the project and surrounding ecosystem(s)/ landscape
Analytical instruments of International Standard
Institutional arrangements
Qualified multi-disciplinary team
Reliable data about the project and surrounding ecosystem(s)/ landscape
Analytical instruments of International Standard
Institutional arrangements
12.METHODOLOGIES OF EIA
Adhoc method
Checklist
Matrix
Network
Overlays
Environmental Index
Cost Benefit Analysis
Adhoc method
Checklist
Matrix
Network
Overlays
Environmental Index
Cost Benefit Analysis
13.No structure
Brainstorming
Basis for other methods?
More effective the wider the consultation
Brainstorming
Basis for other methods?
More effective the wider the consultation
14.Check lists
Simple checklists
Descriptive checklists
Suggests prediction techniques
Scaling checklist
Forces interpretation by including “thresholds of concern”
Questionnaire checklist
Gives rough idea of impacts
Simple checklists
Descriptive checklists
Suggests prediction techniques
Scaling checklist
Forces interpretation by including “thresholds of concern”
Questionnaire checklist
Gives rough idea of impacts
15.METHODOLOGIES OF EIA
16.Matrices
Leopold matrix
Simple matrix
Component interaction matrix
Leopold matrix
Simple matrix
Component interaction matrix
16.Weighting//scaling
Weighting:
Determining value
Scaling
Using common units
Environmental Evaluation System
Weighting:
Determining value
Scaling
Using common units
Environmental Evaluation System
17.Overlays
McHarg overlays
Geographical Information Systems (GIS)
McHarg overlays
Geographical Information Systems (GIS)
18.Networks
Need big sheet of paper!
Excellent for indirect impacts
Excellent for interlinkages
Need big sheet of paper!
Excellent for indirect impacts
Excellent for interlinkages
19.Screening
Not all development projects require EIA. Project screening will help identify the ones that actually do. Here in this section describes the various screening criteria.
Not all development projects require EIA. Project screening will help identify the ones that actually do. Here in this section describes the various screening criteria.
20.Scoping
The process of scoping helps determine the coverage or 'scope' of the EIA. The methods of scoping is elaborated in this section.
The process of scoping helps determine the coverage or 'scope' of the EIA. The methods of scoping is elaborated in this section.
21.Base line data collection
A brief explanation on the concept of baseline data collection and its purposes.
A brief explanation on the concept of baseline data collection and its purposes.
22.Identification of environmental impacts
Described here are the various types of environmental impacts of development projects both beneficial and adverse.
Described here are the various types of environmental impacts of development projects both beneficial and adverse.
23.Impact prediction comparison of alternatives and determination of significance
This sections covers the considerations for impact prediction, uncertainties in impact prediction and comparison of alternatives for impact prediction.
This sections covers the considerations for impact prediction, uncertainties in impact prediction and comparison of alternatives for impact prediction.
24.Mitigation measures
Described briefly under this section are the concept and objectives, types and interesting points, of mitigation measures.
Described briefly under this section are the concept and objectives, types and interesting points, of mitigation measures.
25.Public consultation and participation
Public participation is a necessary component of the EIA. "Who are the public?", "How to involve them?", and "What are the benefits/disbenefits?“ The answers can be found under this section.
Public participation is a necessary component of the EIA. "Who are the public?", "How to involve them?", and "What are the benefits/disbenefits?“ The answers can be found under this section.
26.Environmental monitoring
As one of the most important aspects of EIA, "Environmental Monitoring" is defined here along with explanations on monitoring principles, types and institutional aspects.
As one of the most important aspects of EIA, "Environmental Monitoring" is defined here along with explanations on monitoring principles, types and institutional aspects.
27.Environmental auditing
You will find under this section, the various types of Environmental Auditing and when it should be carried out during the EIA.
You will find under this section, the various types of Environmental Auditing and when it should be carried out during the EIA.
28.EIA Benefits & Flaws
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