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Self Automated Safety System of Train Presentation Transcript
1.Self-Automated Safety System of Train
2.Introduction
Railway safety is a crucial aspect of rail operation the world
Over. Malfunctions resulting in accidents usually get wide
media coverage even when the railway is not at fault and give
to rail transport, among the uninformed public, an undeserved image of inefficiency often fueling calls for immediate reforms.
The project consist of ideas need to prevent the high rises train
accidents which also includes tackling of obstruction in rail path(vehicles road,deflamation) and prevention of head-on
collision.
Railway safety is a crucial aspect of rail operation the world
Over. Malfunctions resulting in accidents usually get wide
media coverage even when the railway is not at fault and give
to rail transport, among the uninformed public, an undeserved image of inefficiency often fueling calls for immediate reforms.
The project consist of ideas need to prevent the high rises train
accidents which also includes tackling of obstruction in rail path(vehicles road,deflamation) and prevention of head-on
collision.
3.Main causes of Accidents:
Main causes of accidents are as below;
Head-on collisions
Rear head collisions
Breaking of Railway line by various cause
Main causes of accidents are as below;
Head-on collisions
Rear head collisions
Breaking of Railway line by various cause
4.TRAIN ARRIVAL DETECTION
IR transmitter gives IR rays whose wavelength depends upon the vibration of track that corresponds to the input frequency .
It reduces voltage drop across the receiver. Its output voltage is the difference between this voltage drop and input voltage to the sensor.
This is fed to the comparator whose reference voltage is based on the threshold frequency which is minimum frequency caused by a slow train.
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Thus, the comparator produces -12Vsaturation when it senses a train and+12V if not. Correspondingly, a transistor switch produces +5V and 0V respectively.
IR transmitter gives IR rays whose wavelength depends upon the vibration of track that corresponds to the input frequency .
It reduces voltage drop across the receiver. Its output voltage is the difference between this voltage drop and input voltage to the sensor.
This is fed to the comparator whose reference voltage is based on the threshold frequency which is minimum frequency caused by a slow train.
?
Thus, the comparator produces -12Vsaturation when it senses a train and+12V if not. Correspondingly, a transistor switch produces +5V and 0V respectively.
5.SENSING FOR VEHICLES
Laser light is used as a source and LDR asa tool for sensing purpose.
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When light strikes on LDR its resistance decreases and when light does not strike LDR its resistance remains at normal value.
This change of resistance of LDR is used for sensing by the micro controller 89C51 by the use of compensation.
Laser light is used as a source and LDR asa tool for sensing purpose.
?
When light strikes on LDR its resistance decreases and when light does not strike LDR its resistance remains at normal value.
This change of resistance of LDR is used for sensing by the micro controller 89C51 by the use of compensation.
5.Gate control
Using simple electronic components we have tried to automate the control of railway gates.
As a train approaches the railway crossing from either side, the sensors placed at a certain distance from the gate detects the approaching train and accordingly controls the operation of the gate.
Also an indicator light has been provided to alert the motorists about the approaching train.
Using simple electronic components we have tried to automate the control of railway gates.
As a train approaches the railway crossing from either side, the sensors placed at a certain distance from the gate detects the approaching train and accordingly controls the operation of the gate.
Also an indicator light has been provided to alert the motorists about the approaching train.
6.WARNING FOR ROAD USERS
At the moment the train arrival is sensed on either side of the gate, road users are warned about the train approach by RED signals .
RED signal appears for the road user once the train cuts the relay sensor placed 5Km before the gate.
A buzzer is made ON as a precautionary measure for the road user and that nobody should enter the gate at that moment.
At the moment the train arrival is sensed on either side of the gate, road users are warned about the train approach by RED signals .
RED signal appears for the road user once the train cuts the relay sensor placed 5Km before the gate.
A buzzer is made ON as a precautionary measure for the road user and that nobody should enter the gate at that moment.
7.GATE OPENING
When the train departure is sensed by the sensors, signal is given to the Microcontroller which operates the motor in reverse direction and the gates are opened.
Once the gate is opened signal for road users are made GREEN so that the vehicles can pass through the gate.
When the train departure is sensed by the sensors, signal is given to the Microcontroller which operates the motor in reverse direction and the gates are opened.
Once the gate is opened signal for road users are made GREEN so that the vehicles can pass through the gate.
8. Track Switching
9.we have developed a concept of automatic track switching. Considering a situation.
wherein an express train and a local train are travelling in opposite directions on the same track.
the express train is allowed to travel on the same track and the local train has to switch. on to the other track. Here the switching operation is performed using a stepper motor.
wherein an express train and a local train are travelling in opposite directions on the same track.
the express train is allowed to travel on the same track and the local train has to switch. on to the other track. Here the switching operation is performed using a stepper motor.
10.IR SENSING CIRCUIT
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